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Meanwhile, the uncertainty and limitations inherent in such models clearly need further attention. Combining input-output model with other methods can obtain more comprehensive and accurate results for scientific decision-making.

With the continuous progress of the multi-regional input-output model, the importance and feasibility in the analysis of sub-national level or region in the global supply chain gradually emerged. International trade is an eternal hot topic in this field. While energy and water account for a large proportion of the study objects, more attention is paid on the other kinds of natural resources, such as land, metal, and ocean. The results indicate that both in terms of the quantity and quality of academic achievements and international cooperation, China is in high academic position and has made great contributions to the development in this research field. By using the Web of Science Core Collection database, this article applies the bibliometric method to accomplish a systematic review about studies on accounting and management of natural resource consumption based on input-output method. In the context of sustainable development and environmental governance, scholars and policy makers have been increasing their research efforts on natural resource utilization and its environmental impact. Resources and environment management have always been a research hotspot. The results show two types of systematic deviations-significantly high-level impact on the ecosystem in the Chinese provinces and considerably high levels of energy and resource efficiency in capitals and business centers. The study efficiently emphasizes provinces with a high level of energy efficiency and technological innovations as well as the provinces with the deficient level of eco-oriented economy policy. The research highlights the importance of multifunctional tools for developing experiences and sharing methodological experiences across countries. The primary study objective is to determine whether the Interfax-ERA rating methodology and considered criteria could be applied in China to assess the provinces’ environmental, technological, and energy efficiency.

The theoretical base, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the energy-resource efficiency (ERE) rating, technological efficiency (TE), and ecosystem impact (EI) ratings are proposed based on the system methodology, developed within the framework of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The article analyzes the experience of the non-commercial Environmental and Energy Rating Agency (Interfax-ERA) ratings concerning the environmental assessment of Russian regions and the transfer of successful knowledge for evaluating 31 Chinese provinces. This paper concerns the necessity of ecosystem protection and energy efficiency rating development. Under the premise of a stable economy, the synergy could be improved by optimizing the output structure of each sector, especially coupling sectors in the flow paths of energy and water resources.

The multi-objective optimization results suggest that the increased intensity of structural adjustment effectively enhanced synergy. The implementation of energy- and water-saving actions in these sectors would effectively promote the synergistic energy- and water-conservation effects. The results of the critical paths show that during the energy generation process, the chemical industry, the smelting and pressing of metals, and the mining and processing of nonmetal ores are coupling sectors, which use a combination of large amounts of energy and water resources. This study selects three major energy sectors for the assessment and optimization of the synergy between energy and water conservation. However, the synergy between energy and water resources conservation has rarely been taken into consideration, thereby making it difficult to maximize conservation. China's Eleventh Five-Year Plan and Twelfth Five-Year Plan explicitly proposed the strict control of the total amount and intensity of energy and water consumption.

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